PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.